(1) Usayizi wengxenye enkulu, ukubekwa okuningi kweziphakeli, nokuzinza okuphezulu
(2) I-substrate mechanical positioning + indawo ebonakalayo Iphuzu lokumaka, ukunemba okuphezulu
(3) Ukushintsha komugqa osheshayo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinto ezihambisanayo
(4) Ukuguquguquka okunamandla, Isiphakeli esizimele, kulula ukusishintsha
(5) Ukuphakelwa okuzenzakalelayo kwezingxenye ngobuningi, itheyiphu, ishubhu nethreyi